This entry will describe the steps that I followed to back up my personal router.
If you read this link to make a backup from your current configuration perhaps you find the same issues as me:
CHECK FILESYSTEM CONTENT
First of all I decided to check what is mounted in my router:
root@OpenWrt:/# mount rootfs on / type rootfs (rw) /dev/root on /rom type squashfs (ro,relatime) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noatime) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noatime) tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime) /dev/mtdblock5 on /overlay type jffs2 (rw,noatime) overlayfs:/overlay on / type overlay (rw,noatime,lowerdir=/,upperdir=/overlay/upper,workdir=/overlay/work) tmpfs on /dev type tmpfs (rw,relatime,size=512k,mode=755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,relatime,mode=600) debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,noatime)
If you want to back up your ART Partition use:
# dd if=/dev/$(grep -i '"art"' /proc/mtd |cut -c 1-4) of=/tmp/art.backup
My advice should be that before run a piece of the previous command just to know which partitions will be backed up:
root@OpenWrt:/# grep -i '"art"' /proc/mtd |cut -c 1-4
Surprisingly there isn’t any out for previous command so nothing will be backed up, so I decided check /proc/mtd file and test the grep command with other params:
root@OpenWrt:/proc# cat /proc/mtd dev: size erasesize name mtd0: 00040000 00010000 "boot" mtd1: 007b0000 00010000 "firmware" mtd2: 000008f0 000008f0 "loader" mtd3: 0012b2f4 00010000 "linux" mtd4: 00684400 00010000 "rootfs" mtd5: 00480000 00010000 "rootfs_data" mtd6: 00010000 00010000 "nvram" root@OpenWrt:/proc# grep -i "boot" /proc/mtd |cut -c 1-4 mtd0 root@OpenWrt:/proc# grep -i "rootfs" /proc/mtd |cut -c 1-4 mtd4
Before starting to create backup files it’s needed to check if we have enough space in our device:
root@OpenWrt:/tmp/log# df -h Filesystem Size Used Available Use% Mounted on rootfs 4.5M 276.0K 4.2M 6% / /dev/root 2.0M 2.0M 0 100% /rom tmpfs 29.9M 7.7M 22.2M 26% /tmp /dev/mtdblock5 4.5M 276.0K 4.2M 6% /overlay overlayfs:/overlay 4.5M 276.0K 4.2M 6% / tmpfs 512.0K 0 512.0K 0% /dev
Backing up fully the /proc/mtd content:
root@OpenWrt:~# dd if=/dev/mtd0 of=/tmp/boot.backup-`date +%F` 512+0 records in 512+0 records out root@OpenWrt:/tmp/log# dd if=/dev/mtd1 of=/tmp/firmware.backup-`date +%F` 15744+0 records in 15744+0 records out root@OpenWrt:/tmp/log# dd if=/dev/mtd2 of=/tmp/loader.backup-`date +%F` 4+1 records in 4+1 records out root@OpenWrt:/tmp/log# dd if=/dev/mtd3 of=/tmp/linux.backup-`date +%F` 2393+1 records in 2393+1 records out root@OpenWrt:/tmp/log# dd if=/dev/mtd4 of=/tmp/rootfs.backup-`date +%F` 13346+0 records in 13346+0 records out root@OpenWrt:/tmp/log# dd if=/dev/mtd5 of=/tmp/rootfs_data.backup-`date +%F` 9216+0 records in 9216+0 records out root@OpenWrt:/tmp/log# dd if=/dev/mtd6 of=/tmp/nvram.backup-`date +%F` 128+0 records in 128+0 records out $ scp root@<ANOTHER_HOST>:/tmp/*backup-2015-03-29 . boot.backup-2015-03-29 100% 256KB 1.1MB/s 00:02 firmware.backup-2015-03-29 100% 7872KB 1.1MB/s 00:07 linux.backup-2015-03-29 100% 1197KB 1.2MB/s 00:01 loader.backup-2015-03-29 100% 2288 2.2KB/s 00:00 nvram.backup-2015-03-29 100% 64KB 64.0KB/s 00:00 rootfs.backup-2015-03-29 100% 6673KB 1.3MB/s 00:05 rootfs_data.backup-2015-03-29 100% 4608KB 1.1MB/s 00:04
Backup configurations:
root@OpenWrt:~# sysupgrade --create-backup /tmp/backup-`cat /proc/sys/kernel/hostname`-`date +%F`.tar.gz; ls /tmp/backup* Saving config files... /tmp/backup-OpenWrt-2015-03-29.tar.gz
I also downloaded this file to my computer and review which files were compressed in tar.gz file:
$ tar tvzf backup-OpenWrt-2015-03-29.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- root/root 763 2015-03-29 13:51 etc/config/dhcp -rw-r--r-- root/root 134 2015-03-29 13:42 etc/config/dropbear -rw-r--r-- root/root 3887 2015-03-29 05:37 etc/config/firewall -rw-r--r-- root/root 786 2015-03-29 13:51 etc/config/network -rw-rw-r-- root/root 269 2015-02-25 08:12 etc/config/system -rw-r--r-- root/root 686 2015-03-29 13:51 etc/config/wireless -rw------- root/root 458 2015-03-29 13:52 etc/dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key -rw------- root/root 805 2015-03-29 13:52 etc/dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key -rw-rw-r-- root/root 123 2015-02-25 08:12 etc/group -rw-rw-r-- root/root 20 2015-02-25 08:12 etc/hosts -rw-rw-r-- root/root 101 2015-02-25 08:12 etc/inittab -rw-rw-r-- root/root 190 2015-03-29 14:00 etc/passwd -rw-rw-r-- root/root 530 2015-02-25 08:12 etc/profile -rw-rw-r-- root/root 132 2015-02-25 08:12 etc/rc.local -rw------- root/root 153 2015-03-29 14:00 etc/shadow -rw-rw-r-- root/root 9 2015-02-25 08:12 etc/shells -rw-rw-r-- root/root 872 2015-03-26 18:02 etc/sysctl.conf
These are some useful references which I found during this process:
- http://www.linux-mtd.infradead.org/faq/general.html
- http://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/flash
- http://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/file_system
—
“Do your own thing on your own terms and get what you came here for.”
— Oliver James
